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The Cyprus Holding Company

Cyprus Holding Company

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Our Corporate & Commercial Department is pleased to assist you. Please fill out the form below so that we can provide you with a quick and efficient service. We will connect you with a dedicated lawyer who has the skills necessary to assist you.

 

The Republic of Cyprus, a full member of the European Union, has one of the lowest corporate tax rates across European Union, with a reformed Intellectual Property tax regime in line with the OECD’s Base Erosion Profit Shifting (BEPS) and an extensive network of double tax treaties.

Cyprus companies are widely used for the purposes of holding, investing and financing and to optimize corporate structures that operate across multiple jurisdictions due to their many incentives the Cyprus tax system has to offer.

One of the most popular Cyprus legal entities is the Cyprus Holding Company. A holding company does not trade in the ordinary course of business, but rather it holds assets or shares or stock in other legal entities and in doing so it controls and/or owns such other legal entities that trade and generate income.

Basis of Taxation

As from 2023, a Cyprus incorporated company will by default be considered a tax resident of Cyprus provided it is not tax resident in any other jurisdiction.

All Cyprus tax resident companies are taxed on their income accrued or derived from all chargeable sources in Cyprus and abroad.

With effect as from 1 January 2019 Controlled Foreign Company (CFCs) rules apply, i.e. non-distributed profits of CFCs (i.e. foreign subsidiaries or permanent establishments of a Cyprus company) directly or indirectly controlled by a Cyprus tax resident company, may become subject to tax in Cyprus (certain exceptions may apply).

Opening a Holding Company in Cyprus

On average, it can take between 7 to 10 business days to formally incorporate a Cyprus Holding Company. Please see below the various steps of the incorporation procedure:

The first step of the incorporation procedure is to select name for the Company and submit it for approval before the Cyprus Registrar of Companies, either in Latin or Greek characters.

All private Cyprus Companies will have as the last word of their company name the word “Limited” or “Ltd”.

Once the Company name has been approved, the next step is to submit a detailed record of the Company’s activities, the amount of the share capital, the internal Company regulations, and other requirements. The applicant shall submit these documents to the lawyer, who will prepare the Memorandum of Articles and Associations on their behalf. 

In accordance with Cyprus Companies Law Cap. 113, every Company must have at least one shareholder, whether a legal entity or a natural person, residing either in Cyprus or abroad.

Every Cyprus Company must maintain a registered office at any address located in Cyprus.

According to the Income Tax Law 118(I) of 2002, (Section I, Article 2), a Company is tax resident in Cyprus, if its management and control are exercised in Cyprus.

At minimum, as Cyprus Holding Company must have at least one Director and a Secretary.

Although “Management and Control” is not a term defined in the Cyprus Tax Legislation, to achieve tax residency and substance, the Cyprus Tax Authorities take into consideration whether the majority of the Board of Directors are permanently residing in Cyprus, regardless of their nationality. In this way, it is ensured that management and control take place in Cyprus and the Company can enjoy the low tax rate of 12.5%.

 

Cyprus Holding Company Benefits

A Holding Company in Cyprus enjoys the same tax advantages as a Cyprus Limited Company, which includes:

  • 12.5% of the net profits is payable as tax by the Cyprus Holding Company and any other Cyprus Limited Company (one of the lowest across European Union).
  • Effective tax rate as low as 2.5% Corporate Tax on revenues from Intellectual Property Rights (IP Box Regime).
  • Dividends received from other Cyprus tax resident companies are exempt from all taxes, subject to certain anti-avoidance provisions.
  • 0% withholding tax on dividends received from EU subsidiaries by virtue of the EU Parent-Subsidiary Directive, provided that certain conditions are met (Under EU Parent-Subsidiary Directive, a company qualifies as a parent company if it holds at least 15% of the shares in the subsidiary company. The minimum shareholding as from 1st January 2009 shall be 10%.)
  • 0% tax on dividend income received from a subsidiary company from abroad (provided that the holding is at least 1% of the share capital in the overseas company). However, where the dividend is derived from abroad the exemption does not apply if both of the following conditions exist 1) where more than 50% of the activities of the overseas paying company result directly or indirectly in passive income (non – trading income), and 2) the tax burden on the foreign company income is significantly lower than the Cyprus corporate rate (i.e. less than 50% of the 12.5% Cyprus corporate tax rate).
  • 0% withholding tax on dividends or interest or royalties paid by a Cyprus resident company to non-resident shareholders (certain conditions apply to royalties on rights used within Cyprus). This may be subject to double tax treaties between countries.
  • 0% capital gains tax on profits arising from sale of securities, including debentures, bonds, shares and others.
  • 0% withholding tax is applied on the distribution of profit, except those arising from the disposal of property in Cyprus or profits arising from the disposal of the shares of a company that owns real estate in Cyprus.
  • 0% capital gains or income tax applied on liquidation of the company.
  • It can be re-domiciled to a country in EU or a third country (provided is allowed by that country law).
  • Double Tax Treaty network covering more than 60 countries.
  • Cyprus legal system closely aligned with English common law system, which is credible, transparent and flexible for conducting business.
  • Freedom of movement of foreign currency, with the possibility of opening and maintaining bank account in foreign currency inside or outside of Cyprus.
  • A Cyprus company can carry forward losses and the amount of such losses is set off against the Cyprus Company’s taxable profit over the next five years.
  • Loss of a Cyprus tax resident company can be set off against the profit of another company of the group which is also Cyprus tax resident.
  • Current year tax losses within group of Cyprus tax resident companies can be surrendered provided that the group companies are members of the same group for the entire year.
  • Low incorporation, administration and maintenance costs.

Our Legal Services

Paris Mavronichis & Co LLC can assist you in every step of the procedure:

  • Provision of corporate legal advice and tax advice (in collaboration with our trusted associates).
  • Provision of prompt and personal bespoke service by our attentive and responsive lawyers.
  • Company formation, corporate administration, arrangement of office space and nominee services.
  • Opening and maintaining bank account for the Company and provision of bank signatory services.

Please feel free to contact us if you have any question and to discuss how we can be of assistance to you.

DISCLAIMER:

PARIS MAVRONICHIS & CO LLC accept no duty of care or liability for any loss occasioned to any person acting or refraining from action as a result of any material in this publication.

The material contained herein is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice nor is it a substitute for obtaining legal advice from an advocate.  Each situation is unique, and you should not act or rely on any information contained herein without seeking the advice of an experienced advocate. PARIS MAVRONICHIS & CO LLC will be glad to assist you in this respect.

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